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Hyperkoagulační stavy v graviditě a jejich komplikace
KABELOVÁ, Kristýna
Hypercoagulable states occur when the process of hemostasis is disturbed. It manifests as a deep vein thrombosis or a pulmonary embolism. It is also one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. There are two factors- genetic and acquired. Inherent factors involve coagulation inhibitor deficiency, prothrombin gene mutation and activated protein C resistance. Acquired factors include antiphospolipid syndrome, pregnancy, overweight etc. The analytic part of the thesis is focused on the effect of a low molecular weight heparin. It was shown in many theses that the LMWH could have a negative impact on a parturition complications or a week of parturition, a birth weight. The results of statistical analysis show that there is a coherence between the week of parturition and the type of parturition. What is more, the anticoagulation drug therapy shows a positive effect on the week of parturion. The data used in the thesis originate in laboratory information management system of Clinical Haematology ward in the hospital Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s.
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Hyperkoagulační stavy v graviditě se zaměřením na problematiku umělého oplodnění
HODINOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis is focused on hypercoagulable states during pregnancy, especially on pregnancy after in vitro fertilisation. Hypercoagulable states are a group of congenital or acquired states that lead to the emergence deep venous thrombosis, sometimes associated with pulmonary embolism. Pregnancy itself is indicated as hypercoagulable state, which is important for facilitating hemostasis during the childbirth to avoid bleeding. It occurs to hemostatic changes during the pregnancy when there is increased concentration of most coagulation factors. The aim of this thesis is to compare coagulation laboratory results in women with spontaneous pregnancy and pregnancy after in vitro fertilisation. The results of patients were monitored in the ambulance of clinical hematology in hospital České Budějovice, a. s. in 2015 and 2016.
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Hyperkoagulační stavy v graviditě, vliv nízkomolekulárního heparinu
KABELOVÁ, Kristýna
Hypercoagulable states cause thromboembolic disease which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It's one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. It ocurrs due to genetic and acquired factors. Congenital factors include coagulation inhibitor deficiency, prothrombin gene mutation, activated protein C resistence etc. Acquired factors include use of oral contraceptives, imobility, pregnancy etc. The analytic part of the thesis is focused on level of D-dimer of pregnant women depending on congenital hypercoagulable states and anticoagulant therapy. These women were patient of Clinical hematology clinic in the České Budějovice hospital a.s. in 2016.
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Patients' awareness of prevention of Venous Thromboembolism
Buriánková, Hana ; Tomová, Šárka (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Marie (referee)
Bachelor thesis 'Patients' awareness of Venous Thromboembolism prevention' focuses on one of the many major issues of general medicine, which may eventually take terminal course for the ill. As Venous Thromboembolism (further as TEN) is mostly a threat to patients after surgical intervention and the risk of its occurrence may be significantly mitigated through sound prevention, the aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out whether patients are duly acquainted with this disease and its prevention, enabling them to eliminate the associated risk. This thesis further investigates whether the patients are informed no later than before the surgery, who provides them with this information and it examines the level of overall nursing prevention. The research was performed on the basis of questionnaires filled in by patients of selected surgical departments in the Motol University Hospital.
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Rizika tromboembolického onemocnění u žen
BÁRTOVÁ, Marie
Thromboembolic disease is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. It is affected by genetic and acquired factors. The major risks of thromboembolic disease for women include inherited hypercoagulable states, pregnancy, repeated abortions or using hormonal contraception. The first part of the thesis is focused on prevalence of thrombophilic states mutation FV Leiden and mutation G20210A prothrombin among women patients in hospital in České Budějovice a.s. in 2015. The second part of the thesis is focused on the knowledge of the risks of the thromboembolic disease among the women who use or used hormonal contraceptive.
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Leiden mutation, its signification and methods of examination
FIALOVÁ, Kateřina
The subject of this thesis is Leiden mutation, its signification and methods of examination. This work deals with frequency of occurrence F V Leiden mutation in samples of examinants in the centre of laboratory medicine BioLab, spol. s. r. o., in Klatovy. Thrombophilia (hypercoagulation) is a genetic or acquired failure of hemostatic mechanistic system, which is connected with increased risk of the occurrence of thrombosis. The most important and the most frequent effect of thrombophilia is the venous thromboembolism. This concept means both deep venous thrombosis and/or pulmonary embolism and their development is always caused by several factors which are genetic or acquired. Mutation of factor V was described in 1993 as the resistance against activated protein (so called APC-resistance). It occurs most commonly as a genetic thrombophilia of white race where it can be found in 40% of patients with diagnosed thromboembolism. Leiden mutation in a gene for factor V is the most frequent predisposition for thrombosis. The risk of development of venous thromboembolism differs according as the fact if it is a heterozygotic or homozygotic carrier. Heterozygotic individuals are 7 times more riskly as for the development of venous thrombosis while the risk level in homozygotic individuals is 80 times. The rate of prevalence of FV Leiden mutation in the world ranges from 0 to 15 %. APC- resistance is caused by point mutation in the polynucleotide chain of a gene for factor V. Here it concerns the exchange of the nucleotide sequence respectively nitrogen basis of guanine and adenine for the position 1691 (G1691A). It creates a triplet which codes in position 506 in the place of amino acid arginine -Arg, R, glutamine -Gln, Q(R506Q). It causes resistance of the active factor V against protein C, which is to inactivate it. The factor V stays henceforth pro- coagulative and thus the creation of thrombin increases together with the risk of thromboembolic disease. The goal of this thesis was summarising of research findings related to the focused theme Leiden mutation, its signification and methods of examination, analyze whole blood samples of patients examined at Leiden mutation carrier status in the center of Laboratory Medicine BioLab, spol. s. r. o. in Klatovy and in consequence and then evaluate and interpret the results of the found out results. Carrier of FV Leiden mutation was observed in a group of patients of both sexes coming from Plzeň and Ústí nad Labem region using real-time PCR. Of the 169 patients examined 111 samples were obtained from women and 58 samples from men. Among women there were found 21 heterozygous carriers (18.9%) and 1 homozygous carrier of (0.9%) FV Leiden mutation. The male population was observed incidence of 17 heterozygotes (29.3%). None of the men did not hold the homozygous genotype FV Leiden mutation. Although the men were twice as frequent carriers of that mutation was not statistical analyzes demonstrated the effect of gender on the transfer FV Leiden mutation (P = 0.2).
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